Middle School Curriculum (Purple Room)

Social Studies Curriculum

Trip to DC
Trip to DC 2007

Focus: U.S. History: post Civil War reconstruction to present

The BNS middle school social studies curriculum reflects a three year rotation between U.S. History: post Civil War reconstruction to present, Ancient Civilizations, and Civics. This year’s topic is U.S. History: post Civil War reconstruction to present. The content and terminology of the program is based on both Virginia’s Standards of Learning (S.O.L.) and the National Council for the Social Studies Curriculum Standards.

We will focus on the following topics throughout the year:

August/September:

October:

November:

December-January:

February:

March:

April:

May:

Social Studies Skills Focus

The students will study and practice the following skills during the course of the year:

Writing in Social Studies

Students will be doing a variety of writing throughout the year. There will be research assignments where the students write short expository essays on their findings and persuasive essays on 20th century topics, as well as a biographical research paper. Students will be expected to use MLA format and will be graded on standard grammar, organization, spelling, word choice, as well as accurate and informative content. There will be short answer and essay questions on tests as well.

Math Curriculum

Math instruction, in both content and pace, is as individualized as possible, with Middle School students working in small groups based on skills. Students learn by practicing mathematical computation and by solving word problems based on real-world applications. Those students who seek further challenges will have opportunities to complete math projects related to the current topic of study, which extend their thinking. Students will be taught with a hands-on approach whenever possible. Proof of or explanations of why a given formula works will reinforce students’ understanding. Math instructors include Molly Lucier, Ellen Oliver, and Ian Renga.

The math groups use Prentice Hall’s math curriculum and study various levels of Pre-Algebra and Algebra depending on current skills. The basic curriculum addresses and goes beyond the state’s 6th, 7th, and 8th grade SOLs. The Prentice Hall curriculum covers the following concepts to varying degrees throughout the Course 1, Course 2, and Course 3 textbooks:

Number and Operations: Understanding numbers, ways of representing numbers, relations among numbers, and number systems; understand meanings of operations and how they relate to one another; compute fluently and make reasonable estimates.

Data Analysis: Formulate questions that can be addressed with data and collect, organize, and display relevant data to answer them; select and use appropriate statistical methods to analyze data; develop and evaluate inferences and predictions that are based on data; understand and apply basic concepts of probability.

Algebra: Understanding patterns, relations, and functions; represent and analyze mathematical situations and structures using Algebraic symbols; use mathematical models to represent and understand quantitative relationships; analyze change in various contexts.

Geometry: Analyze characteristics and properties of two- and three-dimensional geometric shapes and develop mathematical arguments about geometric relationships; specify locations and describe spatial relationships using coordinate geometry and other representational systems; apply transformations and use symmetry to analyze mathematical situations; use visualization, spatial reasoning, and geometric modeling to solve problems.

Measurement: Understanding measurable attributes of objects and the units, systems, and processes of measurement; apply appropriate techniques, tools, and formulas to determine measurements.

Problem Solving: Build new mathematical knowledge through problem solving; solve problems that arise in mathematics and in other contexts; apply and adapt a variety of appropriate strategies to solve problems; monitor and reflect on the process of mathematical problem solving.

Reasoning and Proof: Recognize reasoning and proof as fundamental aspects of mathematics; make and investigate mathematical conjectures; develop and evaluate mathematical arguments and proofs; select and use various types of reasoning and methods of proof.

Communication: Organize and consolidate their mathematical thinking through communication; communicate their mathematical thinking coherently and clearly to peers, teachers, and others; analyze and evaluate the mathematical thinking and strategies of others; use the language of mathematics to express mathematical ideas precisely;

Connections: Recognize and use connections among mathematical ideas; understand how mathematical ideas interconnect and build on one another to produce a coherent whole; recognize and apply mathematics in contexts outside of mathematics.

Representation: Create and use representations to organize, record, and communicate mathematical ideas; select, apply, and translate among mathematical representations to solve problems; use representations to model and interpret physical, social, and mathematical phenomena.

The specific topics covered follow:

Course 1:

  • Estimation strategies
  • Understanding decimals
  • Adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing decimals
  • Understanding the customary system
  • Understanding the metric system
  • Adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing integers
  • Mean, median and mode
  • Understanding variables and Algebraic expressions
  • Solving one and two-step equations
  • Graphing and solving one-step inequalities
  • Exponents
  • Prime factorization
  • Simplifying fractions
  • Equivalent and comparative fractions
  • Mixed numbers and improper fractions
  • Ratios
  • Unit rates and proportional reasoning
  • Maps and scale drawings
  • Understanding percents and solving percent problems
  • Points, lines, segments, rays, and planes
  • Quadrilaterals and other polygons
  • Areas of rectangles, parallelograms, and triangles
  • Circumference and area of circles
  • Square roots and irrational numbers
  • Surface area and volume of three-dimensional figures
  • Interpreting graphs
  • Graphing in the coordinate plane
  • Symmetry and transformations
  • Spreadsheets and data display
  • Making a table using logical reasoning
  • Exploring scatter plots
  • Probability
  • Planning a budget
  • Learning to use a check book.
  • Using scientific and graphing calculators
 

Course 2:

  • Estimation strategies
  • Adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing decimals
  • Measuring in metric units
  • Adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing integers
  • Mean, median and mode
  • Evaluating Algebraic expressions
  • Solving two-step equations
  • Graphing and solving inequalities
  • Exponents
  • Order of operations
  • Scientific notation
  • Prime factorization
  • Simplifying fractions
  • Mixed numbers and improper fractions
  • Rational numbers
  • Ratios
  • Unit rates and proportional reasoning
  • Maps and scale drawings
  • Understanding percents and solving percent problems
  • Lines and planes
  • Constructing bisectors
  • Quadrilaterals and other polygons
  • Areas of parallelograms and triangles
  • Square roots and irrational numbers
  • Three-dimensional figures
  • Interpreting graphs
  • Graphing points and linear equations
  • Exploring non-linear relationships
  • Symmetry and reflections
  • Spreadsheets and data display
  • Making a table using logical reasoning
  • Exploring scatter plots
  • Probability

Course 3:

  • Order of operations
  • Using a problem-solving plan
  • Integers and absolute value
  • Measuring in metric units
  • Mean, median and mode
  • Powers and exponents
  • Solving one- and two-step Algebraic equations
  • Solving and graphing inequalities
  • Understanding slope
  • Solving linear systems by graphing
  • Comparing, ordering, addition, subtracting, multiplying and dividing rational numbers
  • Scale models and maps
  • Sine and cosine ratios
  • Exploring square roots and irrational numbers
  • The Pythagorean Theorem
  • Ratios and rates
  • Solving proportions
  • Percents
  • Probability
  • Scientific notation
  • Angles and parallel lines
  • Congruent polygons
  • Surface areas and volumes of solids
  • Planning a budget
  • Learning to use a check book.
  • Using scientific and graphing calculators

The Algebra group will use Prentice Hall Algebra 1. The curriculum includes 7th and 8th grade SOLs as well as high school level Algebra topics. Students successfully completing this Algebra 1 course will receive high school credit for Algebra 1. The specific topics covered follow:

Algebra 1:

  • Using variables
  • Exponents and order of operations
  • Using real numbers
  • The distributive property
  • Graphing on the coordinate plane
  • Solving multi-step equations
  • Using measures of central tendency
  • Using inequalities
  • Absolute value equations
  • Ratio and proportion
  • Percent equations
  • Applying ratios of probability
  • Probability of compound events
  • Graphs and functions
  • Direct variation
  • Describing number patterns
  • Rate of change and slope
  • Slope-intercept form
  • Point-slope form and writing linear equations
  • Parallel and perpendicular lines
  • Scatter plots and equations of lines
  • Graphing absolute value equations
  • Systems of equations and inequalities
  • Exponents and exponential functions
  • Geometric sequences
  • Polynomials and factoring
  • Quadratic equations and functions
  • Choosing a model for data and statistics
  • Radical expressions and equations
  • Pythagorean theorem
  • Trigonometric ratios
  • Radical expressions and functions
  • Counting methods and permutations

The Geometry group will use Prentice Hall Geometry. The curriculum includes high school level Geometry topics. Students successfully completing this Geometry course will receive high school credit for Geometry. The specific topics covered follow:

Once per month, students will join together for board games, card games, logic puzzles, riddles, cooking projects, and other fun activities that encourage mental flexibility, strategizing, and everyday application of math concepts.

Language Arts Curriculum

Exploring Human Potentials through Literature
Curriculum Overview

August/September - Experience: Our Backgrounds, Our Voices (Short stories)
Major writing assignments:
Short story about experience of character
Compare/ contrast essay
September/October - Change: Good Times and Bad Times on the Roller Coaster of Life (Poetry)
Major writing assignments:
Poetry variations on themes to be included in anthology
Poetry explication (essay on imagery, metaphor, literary devices)
October/November- Hardship: The Human Struggle (Novels)
Major writing assignments:
Short stories on theme of hardship
Character essays
December- Evil: Inflicting Inhumanity on Others (Nonfiction)
Major writing assignments:
Personal memoirs
Theme essays
January- Conflict: A House Divided (Drama)
Major writing assignments:
Write and act a scene from a play
Prediction essay
February- Hope: The Incessant Force (Speech/Persuasive literature)
Major writing assignments:
Write and give a persuasive speech
Analyze an opinion
March/April- Competition and Power (Novels)
Major writing assignments:
Author’s Tea
Paper on symbolism
April/May- Imagination: To the Future and Beyond (Science fiction)
Major writing assignments:
Author’s Tea
Anthology of favorite works

Introduction

The middle school language arts curriculum allows students to explore multiple genres and authors through integration of verbal processes, including reading, writing, speaking, and grammatical study. Students will be exposed to a variety of authors, works, and genres, and will be asked to write both creatively and technically in response to their reading. The themes chosen for this curriculum correlate with the Social Studies curriculum, which surveys history from 1900-present (including such momentous happenings as immigration, World War II, the Civil Rights movement, and the Cold War). Thus, many of the themes discussed this year involve the disparities possible in human potentials: the potential for evil and the potential to dream for something better, the potential to compete and the potential to overcome hardship. Essentially, we will seek to explore writing related to the human condition in all of its circumstances, and we will attempt to understand how the backgrounds and lives of various writers and characters can shape their voices. All instruction, materials, and assignments will be based on the strengths and needs of the class and individual students. The curriculum will incorporate student interests while meeting Virginia SOLs and BNS objectives. Grammar, vocabulary, and writing lessons will be derived from Prentice Hall’s Writing and Grammar: Communication in Action (Bronze Level).

Students reenact
Shakespeare's Macbeth

Reading

A variety of literary genres will be covered this year, including short stories, poetry, nonfiction, drama, speech and persuasive literature, novels, and science fiction. While topics correlate with themes explored in Social Studies, works have been chosen based on depth of themes, perceived student interest, language complexity, and purposeful exposure to a variety of writing styles, both classic and modern. Aside from reading assigned for class, students will be further expected to select books for independent reading. Students will be asked to respond to literature in various ways, in particular through questioning, connecting literature to previous experiences, creating images, making predictions, and exploring themes, literary devices, and word choice.

Writing

Students will likewise be asked to respond to literature by writing in a variety of ways, both creatively and technically. Each unit allows students to produce creative and technical products, and a variety of formal and informal response forms will be studied. Through response journals students will informally respond to all reading throughout the curriculum. Writing will be further enhanced with regular assignments requiring students to master a variety of styles, to write for a variety of audiences, and to explore their own experiences through writing. Emphasis will be placed on form in writing, including proper sentence formation, paragraph formation, and composition organization. Students will experience the full complexities of the writing process by regularly engaging in brainstorming, composing, revising, proofreading, and publishing. Content, organization, voice, fluency, grammar, and word choice will be emphasized throughout the writing process.

Grammar and spelling

Grammatical conventions will be studied daily in the form of mini lessons, and short assignments will allow students practice with grammar. Grammar will also be emphasized throughout the course of student writing. Writers’ workshops will enhance exploration of the conventions of writing styles and purposes. Students will be expected to use studied grammar and spelling rules in all formal writing assignments and to revise assignments so that they contain no grammatical mistakes. While many students will concentrate on rules of spelling, especially on words commonly misspelled, others will focus on Latin roots and on vocabulary enhancement, especially words they will encounter frequently in high school reading.

Speaking and listening

Speaking and listening will be integrated throughout the curriculum through regular oral presentations, small group discussions, literature circles, interviews, and drama. All students are expected to contribute to group discussions and to listen attentively to others in the classroom.

Assessment

Students will be assessed both formally and informally throughout the year. Ideally, each student will be able to use his or her strengths and interests to display knowledge. A variety of assessment opportunities will be given, including quizzes; informal response journals; short term assignments; participation in a variety of in-class assignments, including whole-class, group, and individual; homework completion; long-term assignments, essays, and creative pieces graded according to compliance with rubrics and quality of effort; and portfolios.

Science Curriculum: The Earth Sciences

The BNS middle school science curriculum reflects a yearly rotation of the life, physical, and earth sciences. This year we are studying the earth sciences, which will take us from the Earth’s rocky skin on up through its soils, waters, atmosphere, and beyond. The program’s underlying framework reflects the National Science Teachers Association notion that scientific inquiry, or hypothesis testing, is a critical thinking process necessary for the information-rich 21st century. The content and terminology of the program is based on both Virginia’s Standards of Learning (S.O.L.) and the National Science Education requirements for middle school science. The program’s broad goal is to kindle and maintain student curiosity in the sciences and the mysteries of the world in general. The curriculum emphasizes the scientific method, and also includes practices such as observation, journaling, scientific writing, group discussion, and both lab and field research. Additionally, the curriculum encourages familiarity with the various scientific thinkers, artists, and philosophers through regular readings and discussions. This multi-faceted approach, implemented in a safe and engaging setting, is designed to inspire and prepare students for further education and the world beyond.

Earth Sciences Plan

Timeframe Topic Concepts Covered SOL’s
Aug.-Sept. UNIT #1: Intro to Science
  • Observing and Inferring
  • Qualitative vs. Quantitative data.
  • The Metric System
  • EXCEL Practice
  • Lab Skills: Hypothesis Formation and Testing
  • Independent, Dependent, and Controlled Variables
  • Lab Report Format: Title, Abstract, Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Acknowledgments, References
ES.1
ES.2
Sept.-Nov. UNIT #2: Plate Tectonics and Geology
  • faulting and folding
  • volcanism
  • tectonic processes like subduction, rifting, and continental collision
  • properties of rocks and minerals
  • the rock cycle and types of rocks, such as igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
  • relationship of rocks and fossils to our understanding of earth history and evolution of life
ES.5
ES.6
ES.8
ES.10
Dec.-Jan. UNIT #3: Watersheds and Oceans
  • karst topography
  • hydrologic cycle
  • features of rivers and streams
  • identification of major watersheds in Virginia, U.S., and the world
  • tides, waves, currents
  • sea ice and salinity
  • features of the sea floor
ES.9
ES.11
Feb.-Mar. UNIT #4: The Atmosphere and Weather
  • atmospheric composition and history
  • interplay between earth, water, life, and the atmosphere
  • global warming
  • effects of the sun
  • energy dynamics in the atmosphere
  • weather phenomena and atmospheric forces
ES.12
ES.13
April-May UNIT #5: Outer Space
  • sun-Earth-moon relationship (i.e. tides)
  • characteristics of meteors, comets, planets, and stars
  • search for life in the universe
ES.4
ES.14

The annual BNS Science Fair will be concurrent with classroom science classes. It will begin in December, with the fair itself being in March. Several class periods will be devoted to assisting students with their research.

NOTES

Summary of Skills Emphasized and Practiced

*Writing in science will occur frequently and most comprehensively in lab reports. Students will practice the scientific writing style, which is detailed and thorough, but also succinct. The quality of writing in these reports will be evaluated using a six-components assessment (fluency, voice, organization, conventions, word choice, and content). Reports will also be required to be in standard MLA format.

Follow Your Star

Presented by: Ashley Raines, Community Health Educator
Planned Parenthood Health Systems, Inc.

This program has been created to educate and inform middle school students about relevant topics and issues they will be faced with in the near future or are already dealing with. Education is an integral part of making informed and responsible decisions. Planned Parenthood believes education should begin at home and we encourage parents to communicate about these topics regularly with their children. This program is designed to be a supplement to parent education and reinforce important information.

Curriculum

Three main research-based curriculums are used as the foundation of this program:

Other resources are used to create an interactive learning environment.

Topic Schedule

(Some topics will be discussed for more than one day, monthly calendars will be provided with more detail including topics to be covered and activities)

  1. Introductions
  2. Goal Setting
  3. Masculinity/Femininity
  4. Body Image
  5. Communication with Parents
  6. Healthy Relationships
  7. Drugs and Alcohol
  8. Sexuality
  9. Sexual Anatomy
  10. Media Influences
  11. Sex and Communication
  12. STIs
  13. HIV/Aids
  14. Birth Control
  15. Sexual Myths
  16. Pregnancy
  17. Stereotypes